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Pangasius fish waste

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Review by
17 May 2022 12:00 AM
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Image Source : aquaculturealliance.org

Waste is a substance that is not useful or no longer useful that comes from the results of the production process, both industrial and domestic (household). Waste is usually better known as garbage, as it has no economic value or selling price. Chemically, waste consists of organic and inorganic compounds. One source of waste can be obtained from the fishery sector, particularly from Pangasius. Generally, fishery waste contains nutrients that are not much different from the main ingredients, and its use has been extensively researched. Pangasius waste can come from upstream fisheries activities (cultivation) or downstream fisheries activities (processing, transportation, marketing). The by-products of upstream activities or cultivation are nutrients and organic waste from leftover feed and feces. Meanwhile, the products of downstream activities, especially the processing industry, are generally in the form of heads, offal, skin, bones, fins, blood, and wastewater from production.

In the Pangasius processing industry, quite a lot of waste is produced, around 67% of the total Pangasius. According to data from the Department of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs of Riau Province (DKP) in 2008, the total production of Pangasius in 2007 reached 1,751.3 tons. This means that in one year, the waste from the Pangasius industry can reach more than 1,000 tons in Riau Province. Fish waste, if not appropriately managed, can cause strong odor pollution due to the decomposition process of fish protein. According to Murniyati and Sunarman (2000), the cause of foul odor in fish waste is due to the operation of protein decomposition or the results of protein decomposition in the autolysis process and non-nitrogen substances by bacteria. This process produces simple and foul-smelling protein fragments such as H2S, ammonia, indole, skatole, and others.

The leading cause of fish processing industry activities is always the production of waste, as only the meat is taken while the head, offal (entrails), spines, and skin are removed. According to Bhaskar and Mahendrakar (2008) in Fajar Syukron (2013), fish offal contains high protein and unsaturated fat. The fact that waste products are rich in protein and fat increases the chances of spoilage. The waste can cause environmental problems if not handled properly.

On the other hand, Pangasius waste positively impacts the environment, as it can be processed into a valuable product. Current research has proven that Pangasius waste can be processed into useful products, such as products that utilize pangasius fish offal waste into fish feed, fertilizer, and bacterial growth media (peptone). In addition, Pangasius filet waste has a calcium-binding activity which can be processed into fish protein hydrolyzate (HPI). Fish protein hydrolyzate (HPI) is a liquid product made from fish with the addition of proteolytic enzymes to accelerate the hydrolysis process under controlled conditions, with the final result in the form of a mixture of protein components.

Based on the description above, Pangasius waste can cause various problems. However, on the other hand, it still has the potential to be reprocessed into a product that has economic value. This aims to reduce environmental pollution and increase the added value of fishery products.

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Created by
14 Nov 2022 12:00 AM
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Edited by
17 May 2022 12:00 AM
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